Rollup merge of #24806 - FuGangqiang:doc, r=Manishearth
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% Getting Started
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This first section of the book will get you going with Rust and its tooling.
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First, we’ll install Rust. Then: the classic ‘Hello World’ program. Finally,
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First, we’ll install Rust. Then, the classic ‘Hello World’ program. Finally,
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we’ll talk about Cargo, Rust’s build system and package manager.
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ In the example above `x` and `y` have arity 2. `z` has arity 3.
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When a compiler is compiling your program, it does a number of different
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things. One of the things that it does is turn the text of your program into an
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'abstract syntax tree,' or 'AST.' This tree is a representation of the
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‘abstract syntax tree’, or‘AST’. This tree is a representation of the
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structure of your program. For example, `2 + 3` can be turned into a tree:
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```text
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@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ let y = 1.0; // y has type f64
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Here’s a list of the different numeric types, with links to their documentation
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in the standard library:
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* [i8](../std/primitive.i8.html)
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* [i16](../std/primitive.i16.html)
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* [i32](../std/primitive.i32.html)
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* [i64](../std/primitive.i64.html)
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* [i8](../std/primitive.i8.html)
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* [u8](../std/primitive.u8.html)
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* [u16](../std/primitive.u16.html)
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* [u32](../std/primitive.u32.html)
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* [u64](../std/primitive.u64.html)
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* [u8](../std/primitive.u8.html)
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* [isize](../std/primitive.isize.html)
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* [usize](../std/primitive.usize.html)
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* [f32](../std/primitive.f32.html)
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@ -82,12 +82,12 @@ Let’s go over them by category:
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Integer types come in two varieties: signed and unsigned. To understand the
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difference, let’s consider a number with four bits of size. A signed, four-bit
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number would let you store numbers from `-8` to `+7`. Signed numbers use
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‘two’s compliment representation’. An unsigned four bit number, since it does
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“two’s compliment representation”. An unsigned four bit number, since it does
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not need to store negatives, can store values from `0` to `+15`.
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Unsigned types use a `u` for their category, and signed types use `i`. The `i`
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is for ‘integer’. So `u8` is an eight-bit unsigned number, and `i8` is an
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eight-bit signed number.
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eight-bit signed number.
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## Fixed size types
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@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ and unsigned varieties. This makes for two types: `isize` and `usize`.
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## Floating-point types
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Rust also two floating point types: `f32` and `f64`. These correspond to
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Rust also has two floating point types: `f32` and `f64`. These correspond to
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IEEE-754 single and double precision numbers.
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# Arrays
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Remember [before][let] when I said the left-hand side of a `let` statement was more
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powerful than just assigning a binding? Here we are. We can put a pattern on
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the left-hand side of the `let`, and if it matches up to the right-hand side,
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we can assign multiple bindings at once. In this case, `let` "destructures,"
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or "breaks up," the tuple, and assigns the bits to three bindings.
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we can assign multiple bindings at once. In this case, `let` “destructures”
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or “breaks up” the tuple, and assigns the bits to three bindings.
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[let]: variable-bindings.html
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% Variable Bindings
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Vitually every non-’Hello World’ Rust program uses *variable bindings*. They
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Virtually every non-‘Hello World’Rust program uses *variable bindings*. They
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look like this:
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```rust
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